BS 1427-2009 pdf free download

BS 1427-2009 pdf free download.Guide to on-site test methods for the analysis of waters.
Sampling from enclosed vessels and sample lines might be hazardous and documented safe working procedures should be available and undertaken correctly. This is particularly important where the system is operated at elevated temperatures and/or pressures.
Open-channel sampling (including sampling from boats) or other in-situ, on-site or remote site sampling requires specific documented safe working procedures that should be followed.
Samples should be taken at or below points of turbulence to provide representative samples.
In this British Standard, information on spot-sampling procedures predominates. Where on-site time- or flow-weighted composite sampling is required, the collection bottle should be refrigerated during and after the sampling period until the analysis is carried out. The composite sampling period should be kept to a minimum to reduce potential sample deterioration. However, note that some regulatory tests mention 24-hour composite samples. Where sample deterioration is a problem and regulations permit, it might be better to take a number of shorter period samples and then average the results (e.g. instead of one 24-hour composite sample, it might be better to use six 4-hour composite samples), assuming each composite sample is analysed promptly.
Turbidity and colour could interfere with many of the test methods described in this British Standard, particularly the colorimetric test methods. It can be advantageous or necessary to clarify visibly- turbid samples either by quiescent settlement then sampling the supernatant liquor or by filtration through a membrane or glass filter of known pore size. Details of any pre-treatment used should be recorded; simple purpose-designed, easy-to-use, low-cost, disposable systems for filtration on-site (e.g. syringe filtration) are commercially available. Any determinand present in the removed particulate matter will not be included in the test result. This information should be recorded and reported. It is not common practice in on-site testing of waters to pre-treat samples to solubilize particulate matter or release inactivated (bound) determinand. Such pre-treatments are not identified in the test methods cited in many BS 6068 water quality methods which typically measure only the soluble and reactive (available) determinand. Any pre-treatment is a matter for local decision, but should be clearly recorded and reported. BS 1427-2009 pdf free download.